God’s standard is so completely different than man’s. In Genesis 9:5-6 we looked at his standard
for murder, “And surely your blood of
your lives will I require; at the hand of every beast will I require it, and at
the hand of man; at the hand of every man's brother will I require the life of
man. Whoso sheddeth man's blood, by man
shall his blood be shed: for in the image of God made he man.” As
we saw, murder is an indirect attack on God since man was created in his
image. During the forty years in the
wilderness, God repeatedly emphasized that murderers were to be executed. God directed Moses to refresh the people’s
memory as to how killing a person was to be dealt with, shortly before his
death, in Numbers 35.
It is relatively easy to kill a person, and can happen
accidentally. God made special provision
for such cases, in Numbers 35:9-15. “And the LORD spake unto Moses, saying, Speak
unto the children of Israel, and say unto them, When ye be come over Jordan
into the land of Canaan; Then ye shall appoint you cities to be cities of
refuge for you; that the slayer may flee thither, which killeth any person at
unawares. And they shall be unto you
cities for refuge from the avenger; that the manslayer die not, until he stand
before the congregation in judgment. And
of these cities which ye shall give six cities shall ye have for refuge. Ye shall give three cities on this side
Jordan, and three cities shall ye give in the land of Canaan, which shall be
cities of refuge. These six cities shall
be a refuge, both for the children of Israel, and for the stranger, and for the
sojourner among them: that every one that killeth any person unawares may flee
thither.”
Israel had no police force.
If a person accidentally killed someone, there were six cities set
aside, three on each side of Jordan, that a person could flee to for
protection. He would be tried and if it
turned out he was innocent, he would be allowed to stay. If found guilty, he was to be executed. Numbers 35:16-21 gives the guidelines for
determining if it was murder. “And if he smite him with an instrument of
iron, so that he die, he is a murderer: the murderer shall surely be put to
death. And if he smite him with throwing
a stone, wherewith he may die, and he die, he is a murderer: the murderer shall
surely be put to death. Or if he smite
him with an hand weapon of wood, wherewith he may die, and he die, he is a
murderer: the murderer shall surely be put to death. The revenger of blood himself shall slay the
murderer: when he meeteth him, he shall slay him. But if he thrust him of hatred, or hurl at him
by laying of wait, that he die; Or in enmity smite him with his hand, that he
die: he that smote him shall surely be put to death; for he is a murderer: the
revenger of blood shall slay the murderer, when he meeteth him.”
If a person used what would normally be considered a weapon,
whether club, knife, spear, or some kind of projectile, it indicated he was
willing to kill the person, and thus was to be considered murder. Similarly, if there was a history of hatred
between them or a deliberate effort to catch him by surprise. The designated person was to execute him,
whether he went to the city of refuge for trial or not.
If, on the other hand, there is no history of them being
enemies and no evidence of intent, then the people were to allow him to live
safely in the city of refuge, according to Numbers 35:22-25. “But if
he thrust him suddenly without enmity, or have cast upon him any thing without
laying of wait, Or with any stone, wherewith a man may die, seeing him not, and
cast it upon him, that he die, and was not his enemy, neither sought his harm: Then
the congregation shall judge between the slayer and the revenger of blood
according to these judgments: And the congregation shall deliver the slayer out
of the hand of the revenger of blood, and the congregation shall restore him to
the city of his refuge, whither he was fled: and he shall abide in it unto the
death of the high priest, which was anointed with the holy oil.”
Though it was accidental manslaughter, the sentence was
essentially a life sentence, although it would end with the death of the high
priest, it was up to the person to stay within the boundaries of the city of
refuge if he wanted protection. Numbers
35:26-29. “But if the slayer shall at any time come without the border of the
city of his refuge, whither he was fled; And the revenger of blood find him
without the borders of the city of his refuge, and the revenger of blood kill
the slayer; he shall not be guilty of blood: Because he should have remained in
the city of his refuge until the death of the high priest: but after the death
of the high priest the slayer shall return into the land of his possession.” If he left the city of refuge, before the
death of the high priest, he could be killed without reprisal.
These were mandatory sentences, according to Numbers
35:29-33. “So these things shall be for a statute of judgment unto you throughout
your generations in all your dwellings. Whoso killeth any person, the murderer shall
be put to death by the mouth of witnesses: but one witness shall not testify
against any person to cause him to die. Moreover ye shall take no satisfaction for the
life of a murderer, which is guilty of death: but he shall be surely put to
death. And ye shall take no satisfaction
for him that is fled to the city of his refuge, that he should come again to
dwell in the land, until the death of the priest.” No plea deals were allowed when someone
was killed. There was no way of
restoring the victim’s life and making things right for him. What a difference from the case where a man
who committed murder is suing to be released after six years on the grounds
that it is cruel and unusual punishment since the victim is dead and cannot be
hurt any more.
In our world, human life in general is not held as
particularly valuable. Abortion, murder,
euthanasia, political killings, and genocide are considered acceptable in
different cases. To God, human life is sacrosanct,
and indiscriminate killing makes a land unfit for use, according to Numbers
35:33-34. “So ye shall not pollute the land wherein ye are: for blood it defileth
the land: and the land cannot be cleansed of the blood that is shed therein,
but by the blood of him that shed it. Defile not therefore the land which ye shall
inhabit, wherein I dwell: for I the LORD dwell among the children of Israel.”
God warned that allowing murder to go unpunished would bring
God’s judgment on the people in Deuteronomy 19:10-13. “That
innocent blood be not shed in thy land, which the LORD thy God giveth thee for
an inheritance, and so blood be upon thee. But if any man hate his
neighbour, and lie in wait for him, and rise up against him, and smite him
mortally that he die, and fleeth into one of these cities: Then the elders of
his city shall send and fetch him thence, and deliver him into the hand of the
avenger of blood, that he may die. Thine
eye shall not pity him, but thou shalt put away the guilt of innocent blood
from Israel, that it may go well with thee.”
Leviticus 18:24-25 warns of the consequences of ignoring
murder and other sins. “Defile not ye yourselves in any of these
things: for in all these the nations are defiled which I cast out before you: And the land is defiled: therefore I do visit
the iniquity thereof upon it, and the land itself vomiteth out her inhabitants.” History is replete with stories of
nations which have lost their land because they ignored God’s standards. Throughout history, God has used a nation to
destroy another nation that refused to follow his principles of right and
wrong.