Wednesday, November 6, 2013

Jehoahaz And Jehoiakim

II Kings 23:31-24:7, II Chronicles 36:1-8

“Jehoahaz was twenty and three years old when he began to reign; and he reigned three months in Jerusalem. And his mother's name was Hamutal, the daughter of Jeremiah of Libnah.  And he did that which was evil in the sight of the LORD, according to all that his fathers had done.” (II Kings 23:31-32)

Pharaoh Necho and Egyptian army had been trying to break away from Assyria when Josiah attacked them.  Josiah was killed and th people made his son Jehoahaz king.  Jehoahaz did just like his grand father and great grandfather, turning back to the idolatry and nature worship Josiah ahd worked to eradicate.

“And the king of Egypt put him down at Jerusalem, and condemned the land in an hundred talents of silver and a talent of gold.” (II Chronicles 36:3)

“And Pharaohnechoh put him in bands at Riblah in the land of Hamath, that he might not reign in Jerusalem; and put the land to a tribute of an hundred talents of silver, and a talent of gold.” (II Kings 23:33) 

Having effectively broken Assyria’s power, Pharaoh Necho turned his attention to Judah,.  Just three months after Jehoahaz assumed the throne, the Egyptian army took Jerusalem.  Jehoahaz was dethroned and carried into present day Syria as a prisoner.  He demanded a major tribute to allow Judah to function as a free country.

“And Pharaohnechoh made Eliakim the son of Josiah king in the room of Josiah his father, and turned his name to Jehoiakim, and took Jehoahaz away: and he came to Egypt, and died there. 

 And Jehoiakim gave the silver and the gold to Pharaoh; but he taxed the land to give the money according to the commandment of Pharaoh: he exacted the silver and the gold of the people of the land, of every one according to his taxation, to give it unto Pharaohnechoh. 

Jehoiakim was twenty and five years old when he began to reign; and he reigned eleven years in Jerusalem. And his mother's name was Zebudah, the daughter of Pedaiah of Rumah.  And he did that which was evil in the sight of the LORD, according to all that his fathers had done.” (II Kings 23:34-37)

Pharaoh put Jehoahaz’ brother, Eliakim in as king, and changed his name to Jehoiakim, carrying Jehoahaz to Egypt where he died in exile..  Jehoiakim raised the tribute by taxing the people and paid Pharaoh the protection money to keep them from taking over the country.   Like his brother, Jehoiakim chose to follow the example of his grandfather and great grandfather rather than that of his father.

“In his days Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came up, and Jehoiakim became his servant three years: then he turned and rebelled against him.” (II Kings 24:1) 

“Against him came up Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, and bound him in fetters, to carry him to Babylon.  Nebuchadnezzar also carried of the vessels of the house of the LORD to Babylon, and put them in his temple at Babylon.” (II Chronicles 36:6-7)

In 626 BC, Babylon broke away from Assyria under Nabopolasser.   Pharaoh Necho’s revolt further weakened The Assyrians, and in 612 BC, Babylon seized Nineveh.  Nebuchadnezzar come to power about 605 BC and took most of the lands the Assyrians had claimed.  In the process, he captured Jerusalem, carrying Jehoiakim away to Babylon along with the gold sacrificial implements from the temple. Daniel and other promising young men were take at this time.  After agreeing to be a Babylonian state Jehoiakim was allowed to return to power and kept the treaty for three years before rebelling.

“And the LORD sent against him bands of the Chaldees, and bands of the Syrians, and bands of the Moabites, and bands of the children of Ammon, and sent them against Judah to destroy it, according to the word of the LORD, which he spake by his servants the prophets. 

Surely at the commandment of the LORD came this upon Judah, to remove them out of his sight, for the sins of Manasseh, according to all that he did; And also for the innocent blood that he shed: for he filled Jerusalem with innocent blood; which the LORD would not pardon.” (II Kings 24:2-4)

With Judah no longer protected by Babylon, The surrounding nations were not hesitant about making raids, and God allowed it because of their sin.  He had prophesied judgment because of Manasseh’s and Amon’s sin, but Jehoiakim made it worse by having dissidents and political opponents executed.  God would not excuse murdering innocent people, nor will he today.

“Now the rest of the acts of Jehoiakim, and all that he did, are they not written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Judah?  Jehoiakim slept with his fathers: and Jehoiachin his son reigned in his stead. 

And the king of Egypt came not again any more out of his land: for the king of Babylon had taken from the river of Egypt unto the river Euphrates all that pertained to the king of Egypt.” (II Kings 24:5-7)

Jehoiakim was only about thirty four when he died, and his son, Jehoiachin became king.  By that time, Nebuchadnezzar had conquered all the land to the border of Egypt, at present day El Arish.

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